New 2023 BECE Super Mock Social Questions and Marking Schemes

New 2023 BECE Super Mock Questions and Marking Schemes Have Been Provide Here To Help Final Year Students To Revise For their Examination

SOCIAL STUDIES PAPER 2 – ESSAY
SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Answer one question only from this section
Question 1:
[a] Describe the North-East Trade winds [10 Marks]
[b] Give any Five [5] characteristics of the North-East Trade winds [5 Marks]
[c] State Five [5] disadvantages of rainfall. [5 Marks]

Question 2:
[a] What is urban-rural drift (migration)? [2 Marks]
[b] Give Five [5] effects of rural-urban migration on villages in Ghana. [10 Marks]
[c] State Four [4] ways rural-urban migration can be minimized [8 Marks]

THE ENVIRONMENT
Answer one question only from this section
Questions 3
[a] What is Cultural change? [2 Marks]
[b] Explain five factors responsible for cultural change in Ghana. [8 Marks]
[c] Give five benefits of water bodies in Ghana (explain briefly) [10Marks]

Questions 4
[a] What are superstitious beliefs [2 Marks]
[b] Briefly explain any Four [4] superstitious beliefs in Ghana [8 Marks]
[c] Explain any Five [5] effects of superstitious beliefs on a community [10 Marks]

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GOVERNMENT, POLITICS AND STABILITY
Answer one question only from this section
Questions 5
[a] Outline the steps of law making in the parliament of Ghana [10 marks]
[b] Describe Four [4] roles of law making by the Executive Arm of Government. [10 marks]

Questions 6
[a] Explain Four [4] factors that promote democracy in Ghana [10 Marks]
[b] Explain Four [4] ways of becoming a citizen of Ghana [10 Marks]

OBJECTIVE TEST – SECTION A

1. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of democracy?
A) Rule by a single leader
B) Protection of individual rights
C) Free and fair elections
D) Citizen participation

2. Which of the following is a primary source of information?
A) Newspaper article
B) Textbook
C) Interview with a historian
D) Encyclopedia entry

3. Which of the following is an example of a traditional economic system?
A) Market economy
B) Command economy
C) Mixed economy
D) Subsistence farming

4. Which branch of government is responsible for making laws?
A) Executive branch
B) Judicial branch
C) Legislative branch
D) Administrative branch

5. Which of the following is an example of a renewable resource?
A) Natural gas
B) Coal
C) Wind
D) Uranium

6. Which of the following is NOT a factor of production?
A) Labor
B) Capital
C) Entrepreneurship
D) Money

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7. What is the purpose of the United Nations (UN)?
A) Promote world peace and security
B) Protect national interests of member states
C) Regulate international trade
D) Enforce global laws

8. Which of the following is an example of a cultural diffusion?
A) Migration of people
B) Industrial revolution
C) Invention of the printing press
D) Formation of trade alliances

9. Which of the following is a characteristic of a command economy?
A) Private ownership of resources
B) Profit motive guides economic decisions
C) Central planning by the government
D) Competition among producers

10. What is the main purpose of the African Union (AU)?
A) Promote economic cooperation among African countries
B) Facilitate military alliances in Africa
C) Mediate conflicts between African countries
D) Coordinate international aid to Africa

11. What is the primary role of the judiciary in a democratic society?
A) Enforce laws
B) Make laws
C) Interpret laws
D) Develop laws

12. Which of the following is a push factor for migration?
A) Job opportunities
B) Better education
C) Political stability
D) Economic hardship

13. Which of the following is an example of a civic responsibility?
A) Voting in elections
B) Paying taxes
C) Serving on a jury
D) All of the above

14. Which of the following is a consequence of deforestation?
A) Increased biodiversity
B) Soil erosion
C) Reduced greenhouse gas emissions
D) Improved air quality

15. What is the main purpose of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights?
A) Protect the rights of individuals around the world
B) Establish global trade regulations
C) Promote cultural diversity
D) Prevent discrimination based on race

16. Which of the following is an example of a social institution?
A) Family
B) Corporation
C) Political party
D) Non-governmental organization

17. What is the significance of the Berlin Conference in African history?
A) It led to the abolition of slavery in Africa.
B) It established the borders of African colonies.
C) It sparked the African independence movements.
D) It promoted cultural exchange between Africa

18. Which of the following is an example of a renewable energy source?
A) Nuclear power
B) Solar power
C) Fossil fuels
D) Geothermal energy

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19. What is the purpose of the World Health Organization (WHO)?
A) Ensure global food security
B) Promote international tourism
C) Provide humanitarian aid
D) Improve global health

20. Which of the following is a characteristic of a market economy?
A) Central planning by the government
B) Equal distribution of wealth
C) Profit motive guides economic decisions
D) Limited individual freedom
21. Indiscipline is a problem in the Ghanaian society because it
A. reduces productivity
B. destroys the educational system
C. leads to high birth rate
D. encourages bribery and corruption

22. Which of the following is a primary activity?
A. Plywood processing
B. Fruit canning
C. Cocoa cultivation
D. Textile production

23. The Akans are believed to have migrated from
A. Old Ghana Empire
B. The Chad basin
C. Benin Republic
D. Ile Ife

24. The most important symbol which identifies Ghana as an independent state is the
A. Speaker‟s Mace
B. National Flag
C. State Sword
D. Coat-of-arms

25. Which of the following diseases is caused by pollution of water bodies?
A. River blindness
B. Asthma
C. Cholera
D. Hepatitis B

26. A day is either gained or lost when one moves across longitude
A. 180°
B. 24°
E C. 15°
W D. 0°

27. The most cherished value expected of an adolescent in the Ghanaian society is
A. hospitality
B. patience
C. generosity
D. chastity

28. Which of the following cultural practices is a drawback to development in the Ghanaian society?
A. Celebration of festivals
B. Naming and outdooring ceremonies
C. Belief in the activities of demons
D. Performing puberty rites

29. The symbol on topographic maps represents
A. settlements
B. farmlands
C. marshy areas
D. areas liable to flood

30. On a relief map, the colour brown usually represents
A. plains
B. mountains
C. water bodies
D. lowlands

31. An extensive area of lowland is called a
A. ridge
B. valley
C. plain
D. plateau

32. Which of the following vegetation types is not found in Ghana?
A. Sahel woodland
B. Guinea savanna
C. Mangrove forest
D. Tropical rain forest

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33. The main type of vegetation found in the south-western part of Ghana is the
A. rain forest
B. coastal grassland
C. guinea savanna
D. mangrove forest

34. Lunar eclipse occurs when the
A. sun comes between the earth and the moon
B. moon comes between the sun and the earth
C. earth comes between the sun and the moon
D. earth rotates on its axis from West to East.

35. The type of rainfall formed by the meeting of two air masses of different temperatures is
A. relief
B. frontal
C. convectional
D. orographic

36. Which of the following continents is uninhabited?
A. Asia
B. Antarctica
C. Australia
D. Europe

37. One problem created in the rural areas as a result of rural-urban drift is
A. increase in streetism
B. creation of slums
C. environmental degradation
D. increased incidence of broken homes

38. Which of the following factors may cause rural-urban drift?
A. Better employment opportunities in the urban areas
B. Better health facilities in the rural areas
C. Even distribution of social amenities in the country
D. Absence of recreational facilities in the urban areas

39. Asante was colonized by the British through
A. agreement
B. force
C. persuasion
D. plebiscite

40. Right to life means
A. living forever
B. living without interference
C. acquiring wealth
D. sustaining the family line

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MAY 2023 BECE HOME MOCK ANSWERS TO OBJECTIVES

1. A
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. C
6. D
7. A
8. A
9. C
10. A
11. C
12. D
13. D
14. B
15. A
16. A
17. B
18. B
19. D
20. C
21. A
22. C
23. A
24. D
25. A
26. A
27. D
28. C
29. C
30. B
31. C
32. A
33. A
34. C
35. B
36. B
37. D
38. A
39. B
40. B

SECTION B

Q1A:

The North-East Trade winds of Africa are a part of the global wind pattern that blows from the subtropical high pressure belt towards the equator in the Northern Hemisphere.

In Africa, these winds are known as the Harmattan winds, and they blow across the Sahel region, which spans from Mauritania to Sudan.

The Harmattan winds are characterized by their dryness, as they blow across the Sahara desert and carry dust particles and sand with them.

These winds typically start in November and last until March, bringing cool and dry weather to the region. The winds are strongest in December and January and can cause visibility problems due to the dust and sand they carry.

The Harmattan winds are important to the people of West Africa, as they can have both positive and negative impacts.

On one hand, they bring much-needed relief from the intense heat of the dry season and can help dry out crops and prevent disease.

On the other hand, they can cause respiratory problems and damage to crops and infrastructure due to the dust and sand they carry.

Q1B:
Characteristics of the North-East Trade winds.
It is dry (ie, it has low water vapour content / low humidity)
It feels hot during the day and cold at night
It carries a lot of dust particles
Blows from the north-east towards the south-west
Usually most severe within the months of November to February
It is hazy and therefore reduces visibility
[any five]
Q1C
Negative effects /Disadvantages
Causes destruction of lives and property, when it is heavy and accompanied by storms
Causes flooding of communities
Causes erosion – the washing away of the top soil
Can reduce productivity, when people are not able to go to work due to heavy rainfall
Can cause crops to go bad or rot, when it wets them and prevents drying

Q2A: Urban-rural drift is the movement (migration) of people from the urban centers to rural areas. This often happens when workers are of old age or people travel back to their villages for festivals, funerals among others. Often this is for a shot stay of less than one year.
(b) Effects of rural-urban migration on the villages of Ghana.
It brings about population decrease.
It reduces the workforce / human resource supply in the villages
It causes broken homes and families
It causes low yields from agriculture and other economic ventures
It leads to reduced food supply
It slows down the rate of development
(vii) It encourages promiscuity (casual sexual habits), due to absence of spouses (husbands or
wives)
(viii) It can promote the spread of Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs) due to increased
promiscuity
(ix)
(x) It can lead to increased waywardness of children, in cases of absent parents or guardians.
It may cause a breakdown in the cultural / traditional systems.
[any four]

(c) Ways of reducing rural-urban migration in Ghana.
(i) Creation of more job opportunities in the rural areas
– to encourage those who move from the rural to the urban areas in search of jobs to
stay and work in the rural areas and still earn sufficient income to cater for
themselves and their families.
(ii) Attractive government incentives for corporate bodies and firms
– to entice them to set up branches / agencies of their businesses in the rural areas.
Some of these incentives could be tax rebates, tax holidays, manpower training,
subsidies, award schemes, etc, which would eventually draw lots of businesses /
industries to the rural areas. This should serve as motivation for rural dwellers to
stay and work there.
(iii) Provision of more/ better social amenities in rural areas
– such as public toilets, schools, potable water, electricity, information and
communication services, recreational centres, etc, in the rural areas. This would
make life in the rural areas more attractive and interesting. Rural dwellers would
therefore be enticed to stay
(iv) Amendment of negative cultural practices
– Such as puberty rites, widowhood rites, forced marriages, female genital mutilation,
etc. Certain aspects, of these practices, which are painful, shameful, humiliating or
dehumanising must be either stopped or modified to more acceptable forms. If this
is done it would take away the fear that makes some people escape and hence
encourage them to stay in the rural areas.
(v) Modernisation of agricultural industry in the rural areas
– This ensures higher interest in agric as well as increased yield / productivity, which
would mean increased financial income for the agriculturists in the rural areas.
(vi) Educating the rural populace on dangers involved with urban migration and
opportunities in rural areas.
– Some of these challenges could be lack of accommodation, lack of employment
opportunities, getting of infectious diseases, involvement in social vices due to peer
pressure or stress and hence danger of being arrested and being sent to prison, etc.
Some of the opportunities in rural areas are ease of accommodation, acquisition of
land for business or residence, lesser temptation for social vices, etc.
[any three]
PART III

MARKING SCHEME
Q3A:
Cultural change is the gradual alteration or adaptations that occur in the way people live.
It includes changes in dressing, language, food, clothing, music, religion, beliefs, values,
festivities and other expressions of culture

Q3B:
Factors responsible for cultural change in Ghana
(i) Migration
Migration refers to movement of persons or groups of people from a place to settle in
another place, either temporarily or permanently. When this happens it may affect the way
they do things due to the difference in culture / natural environment of the new place. Eg a
person who moves from a warm climatic region to a colder one may be compelled to
change his/her dressing from light and scanty clothes to heavier body covering ones.
(ii) Education
Both formal and informal education is aimed at changing one‟s way of doing things as a
result of acquired knowledge, skills and attitudes. As people learn, they acquire new
knowledge, which tends to change the way they think / perceive things, which usually leads
to a change in the way they live and therefore a change in culture. Eg, change in one‟s diet
due to knowledge of importance of taking balanced diet.
(iii) Religion
One‟s religion usually defines what is acceptable or unacceptable. Different religions have
different belief systems which impact on the way the followers live. For instance, people
who change their religions may be compelled to also change the way they dress, the songs
they can sing or listen to, the way they pray, sometimes the food they can eat or even the
language they speak.
(iv) Urbanisation
People who move from rural areas to urban areas experience drastic changes in the way
things are done. As time goes on, they forget about their old belief systems, values and
traditional ethics. They now adopt the city lifestyle, which could mean changes in how they
dress, how they dance, the songs they sing, the food they eat and even the good manners
and polite behaviour they used to have.
(v) New technology and innovation
Swift changes in current technologies and innovative ideas have brought about rapid
changes in culture. These changes happen because most of these modern technologies are
more interesting, less tiresome, much faster and more user-friendly. Eg, these days,
spending days and weeks to clear / plough a piece of land with a hoe / cutlass can now be
done in a much better way by a tractor within a few minutes or hours. Children would
rather surf the internet, play computer or video games rather than enjoying storytelling.
Letter writing has now been replaced by emails, phone calls, text messaging, chatting on
social internet networks.
(vi) Inter-marriages
When people marry they usually change some of the way they do things, out of
compulsion, mutual understanding or the love they have for their spouses. Eg, they learn
how to prepare and eat different kinds of food. There may also be changes in the way they
talk, dress, work, worship God, relate with others, etc.
(vii) The Media
Both the print and electronic media play very significant roles in changing cultures of
people. The more people see and hear a particular thing / behaviour, the more accustomed
they get to that thing / behaviour. With time, these viewers and listeners gradually change
from their old cultural ways of doing things to what they have been seeing / hearing. Many
times, such changes are actually unconscious – ie, they don‟t intentionally decide to
change, however they suddenly find themselves doing it. Eg, using a swear word (profane
language) or unconsciously humming a song one heard on radio / TV.
[any four]

Q3C:
Benefits of water bodies in Ghana
(i) Means of Transportation – Canoes, boats, ferries, etc are used to transport persons and
goods on certain rivers, lakes and the sea.
(ii) Source of Water for Domestic Purposes – People fetch water from streams, rivers,
ponds, etc, for domestic uses, such as bathing, cooking, washing, and drinking. The
Ghana Water Company also gets water from our rivers and lakes for treatment and supply
as potable water
(iii) Source of Water for Industrial Purposes – Certain industries rely on water from water
bodies for some of their industrial operations

(iv) Source of Food (Fish / Protein) – Fishermen in Ghana obtain fish from our streams,
rivers, lakes, lagoons, ponds and the sea.
(v) Source of Employment – Water bodies provide employment and therefore income both
directly and indirectly to people such as fishermen, tour guides, Volta River Authority
workers, farmers, etc.
(vi) Generation of Hydroelectric Power – The Akosombo dam generates electricity for the
entire country using water from the Volta River. The Bui dam, also for generation of
hydroelectric power is still under construction.
(vii) Tourist Attraction Sites – Certain rivers and lakes serve as tourist attractions, which
help to generate income and foreign exchange for the country.
(viii) Salt Production from Sea Water – Salt can be obtained from sea water through
evaporation
(ix) Irrigation of Farmlands – In areas where there is little or no rainfall, farmers rely on
water bodies to grow their crops
(x) Drainage System to Prevent Flooding – When rain falls, the water runs into gutters /
drains, which carry them into water bodies. This prevents flooding of communities,
which could have caused destruction of life and property.
(xi) Habitat for Aquatic Organisms – Several organisms and micro organisms in the
ecosystem live in various water bodies
(xii) Source of Minerals – Certain rivers have mineral deposits in them, eg, alluvial gold in
Rivers Birim, Pra and Offin, alluvial diamond in the Birim River . Currently, crude oil is
drilled from beneath the sea (off shore Western Region)
(xiii) Helps in Rain Formation – Large amounts of water vapour in the atmosphere come
from water evaporation from the surface of water bodies. The water vapour rises higher,
becomes cooler, condenses and falls as rain.
[any five]

Question 4

Superstition
A belief system based on perceptions of the supernatural or the spiritual realm rather than
on factual reasoning
(ii) Explain any four [4] superstitious beliefs in Ghana
The belief that certain animals must not be killed
The belief that some particular plants/ trees must not be cut
The belief that one must not sweep at night
The belief that one must not whistle while taking a bath
The belief that a child‟s tooth that comes out must be thrown on a rooftop.
The belief that one must not work on ones farm on certain days
The belief that a couple must not have sex outdoors (even when no one is watching)
The belief that one must not go fishing on specific days

Give any five [5] effects of superstitious beliefs on a community
Positive Effects

(v) They help to facilitate safety of the community
They help to inculcate acceptable social habits in the society
They help to uphold law and order
They support the preservation of the environment
They help to maintain personal hygiene

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Negative Effects
They discourage scientific advancement and technology
They generate conflicts among members of the community
They create intense and unreasonable fear in the community
They slow down development / progress in the community
They sometimes permit abuse of one‟s human rights
They create suspicions among persons in a community
They discourage creativity concerning innovative solutions to societal problems
[any five]

QUESTION 5
[a] Outline the steps of law making in the parliament of Ghana (10 marks)
The major steps of law making in Ghana’s parliament are…
A A proposal or a bill is introduced to parliament
B The speaker refers the bill to an appropriate committee to study and make recommendations.
2. The chairman of the committee presents the bill to the house.
3. A motion is put to the house for the bill to be read the second time.
e. The bill is debated and voted upon.
f. At the consideration stage, only the details of the bill are discussed and changes are made if necessary
g. Parliament votes to approve or reject the bill
h. The bill is sent to the Attorney Generals Department to be written in a legal language
i. The speaker sends the bill to the president to be signed into law
j. The President signs the bill in law.
K. The law is Gazette
(10 marks)

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b. Describe four roles of law making by the Executive Arm of Government. (10marks )
i. Formulating and sending bills to parliament for law making
ii. Imposing curfews on troubled or conflict areas in the country
1 Training and arming the security services
2 Building more law courts to judge offences
3 Building prison houses to contain prisoners
4 Appointment of high court judges to sit on cases
5 Assenting bills passed by parliament into laws
6 Setting up commissions of enquiry to investigate serious cases
Note any function of law making by the president or the ministers of state or security services falls under this

QUESTION 6
6A:
• Having a working constitution
• Ensuring the rule of law
• Respecting the rights and freedoms of the people
• Existence of political parties
• Conducting free and fair elections
• Free Press and media etc.

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Explain any four briefly.

6 B:
[a] By birth – A child born in Ghana whose parents or grandparents are Ghanaians etc.
[b] By founding – Child who are mission and found within Ghana’s boundaries. Such children must be seven or less in years whose parents cannot be traced or found.
[c] By adoption: A child under 16 years adopted by a Ghanaian
[d] By registration – A foreigner married to a Ghanaian can registered to become a Ghanaian.
[e] By conferment: when the citizenship is confirmed on an individual by the President.
[f] Ancestry/ Decent: If one can trace his or her ancestry to Ghana
[g] Naturalization – A foreigner who stays in Ghana for a long time can apply to naturalize as a Ghanaian by renouncing his or her former citizenship.

READ: 2023 BECE Integrated Science Objective Test Mock Questions (FINAL MOCK) By Ghana Education News